A coagulation analyser is a laboratory equipment by which clotting factors, essential elements required to stop bleeding, can be accurately and accurately measured and thus be able to identify possible abnormalities that can lead to excessive bleeding or thrombosis.
It is important to clarify that the hemostatic system is involved in the body’s defense system which is essential for life. On the one hand, it prevents both blood loss and blood flow disturbances and contributes to the repair of tissue and vascular damage.
In addition, it is involved in the formation of new connective tissue and in revascularization. It consists of a series of biochemical reactions that are carried out at the blood-endothelium interface.
What happens to vascular aggression?
In the event of vascular aggression, a series of events occur which will seek to prevent blood loss through vasoconstriction, aggregation of platelets at the site of injury, activation of clotting factors, which will result in the formation of a clot; and subsequently, the action of the fibrinolytic system in dissolving the clot and restoring the integrity of the endothelium.
During this process, different factors or components are involved, necessary for the maintenance of normal hemostasis, such as vascular, platelet, plasma and fibrinolytic, with their factors and inhibitors.
The endothelial cell plays an important role in hemostasis because coagulation reactions develop on its surface, substances are synthesized and secreted, and it is in contact with the subendothelium. The substances it synthesizes and secretes are divided into 2 main groups: procoagulants, such as thrombopondin, tissue factor, fibronectin, von Willebrand factor, contact system-related factors, factor V, among others; and anticoagulants, such as thrombomodulin, antithrombin receptor, tissue plasminogen activator, prostacyclin (PGI2), to name a few.
Platelets are small cells with a half-life of 7 to 10 days, the presence of which is essential for the development of the initial clotting phase.
The third component involved in hemostasis is coagulation factors and inhibitors and fibrinolysis, which includes procoagulant elements, anticoagulants, and fibrinolytic agents.
What clotting tests are available in the laboratory?
In the laboratory, many techniques have been developed for the study of these stages in order to determine the cause of the hemorrhagic and thrombotic processes. Some of these techniques are very complicated and can only be done in specialized laboratories. However, other tests are very simple, such as those for coagulation, and are widely useful in laboratories involved in assistance, because many of the tests that comprise the coagulation program can be done using an automated coagulation analyser.
Clinical information and laboratory studies must be integrated into this orientation process, which allows the appropriate use of the offered tests and obtain the necessary answers for decision making at the lowest possible cost, both for the patient and for the economy of the country.
What is a blood clot test?
The coagulogram is a set of tests that assess the functioning of the different components of the hemostatic system in a comprehensive and guiding way. Its importance lies fundamentally in the simplicity of its realization and in the availability of the means and resources for its implementation. This set of tests consists of: loop test, bleeding time, platelet count, clot retraction, clotting time, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and thrombin time (TT).
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